An Appraisal of Nurses' Awareness and Management of Postpartum Depression in University of Uyo Teaching Hospital
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Background of the Study
Postpartum depression (PPD) is a significant mental health issue that affects many women following childbirth, with serious consequences for both the mother and the child. The World Health Organization (WHO) recognizes PPD as a major contributor to maternal morbidity, highlighting the need for early detection, appropriate management, and support systems for affected mothers (WHO, 2023). Despite growing awareness, PPD remains underdiagnosed and undertreated, particularly in developing countries, where mental health stigmatization and limited healthcare resources present significant challenges (Akpan & Etim, 2024).
Nurses play a crucial role in identifying, managing, and supporting women experiencing PPD. As primary caregivers in maternity and postnatal care, nurses are in an optimal position to assess mothers for signs of depression, provide counseling, and refer patients for specialized mental health services when necessary. However, research suggests that many nurses lack adequate awareness and training in PPD identification and management, leading to missed diagnoses and insufficient patient support (Okon et al., 2023).
In Nigeria, particularly at University of Uyo Teaching Hospital (UUTH), there is limited empirical data on the level of awareness among nurses regarding PPD and how effectively they manage affected patients. This study seeks to evaluate nurses' awareness of PPD, their ability to recognize its symptoms, and their role in its management at UUTH.
Statement of the Problem
Postpartum depression is a critical public health concern, yet it is often overlooked or misdiagnosed due to inadequate awareness among healthcare professionals, including nurses. Many new mothers suffering from PPD do not receive the necessary support and treatment, which can lead to severe complications such as prolonged depression, impaired mother-infant bonding, and even suicidal tendencies (Ekanem & Udo, 2024).
At UUTH, there is a need to assess whether nurses possess sufficient knowledge and awareness regarding PPD and whether they employ appropriate management strategies to support affected mothers. Without a structured approach to PPD screening and management, many cases may go undetected, leading to worsening health outcomes. This study will investigate the awareness and management practices of nurses regarding PPD, identifying areas for improvement in training and clinical practice.
Objectives of the Study
- To assess nurses' awareness of postpartum depression at University of Uyo Teaching Hospital.
- To evaluate nurses' ability to identify and manage postpartum depression in clinical practice.
- To identify challenges faced by nurses in providing care and support for mothers with postpartum depression.
Research Questions
- What is the level of awareness of postpartum depression among nurses at UUTH?
- How effectively do nurses identify and manage postpartum depression in clinical practice?
- What challenges do nurses face in managing postpartum depression in mothers?
Research Hypotheses
- Nurses at UUTH have adequate awareness of postpartum depression.
- Nurses at UUTH effectively identify and manage postpartum depression.
- Various factors, including lack of training and stigma, impact nurses' ability to manage postpartum depression.
Scope and Limitations of the Study
This study will focus on registered nurses working in maternity, postnatal, and pediatric wards at UUTH. Data collection will involve surveys, interviews, and assessments of current management practices. Limitations may include self-reported bias and variations in nurses' exposure to PPD cases.
Definitions of Terms
- Postpartum Depression (PPD): A mental health condition that affects women after childbirth, characterized by prolonged sadness, anxiety, and emotional distress.
- Nurses' Awareness: The level of knowledge nurses have regarding PPD, its symptoms, and management strategies.
- Management of PPD: The interventions and support systems nurses provide to mothers experiencing PPD.
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